May 05, 2006

math and economics


the death of jkg 
a verbalizer of nimble resort

has the econcon blogs a twitter over the old bone

formalism and reality

in the  social sciences 



===================================


my slant
 on the pangloss math  models 

  far from  being innocent ivy tower
            other worldly nonsense 

they  have their very solid 
                  raison d 'klass



and yet 

a comment by pink
   at max speak 
 might seem to indicate
 i think  otherwise 



"surfing the econoblogs 
i notice this pointmade repeatedly



"JKG ....he be not mathed up"

and to me it has 
a absurd
     coup de gras marde gras 
feel to it 

not found in discussions 
of adam smith's
verbal boundedness 


and coming here to a font of sense 

 i find 

el supremo max  writing :


"The problem with mathematical models
is the more complex they get,
the more they demand the suspension of disbelief"

i think that can be  very true 
if you say the more general not the more complex 


            after the  path of any science 
    brakes  thru to new ground 
                  
         the inevitable happens 
a very silly 
 ivy tower euclidian process of refinement begins 

 where logical lucunae   and contradictions
         are closed
             by
the application of more restrictive assumptions 
carrying the  set of standard modelsunder analysis 
             back  deeper into looking glass land 

but  obviously in most sciences 
     progress  toward reality 
    is made despite this 

   so is economics different in some important way


well yes
    because its about us 
not rocks and rills

and not even about our bodies or minds 
but our social system

if science were to declare capitalism fatally flawed 
and that it leads to unnecessary human misery and oppresion 

 well it would  have to be refuted right ???

proven not to be science 

faster and more unrelentingly
  then  say
   the finding that tobacco smoke 
        leads to lung cancer 

and yet progress happens any way 

i think  first 
  of   the biggest brake thru
  of my   econ con life time 

 
    dixit stiglitz late 70's model
            of  
  a higher 
  more real  market imperfection 

but many others crowd my thoughts 

  more recently  and in my twilight 
therte's the lovely  endogeneous 
            tech and preference models  

this tug back and forth
between theory and  its impact
on a class conflicted  reality 
proves 
tiresome to all  euclideans no doubt 

but even among euclideans some directions
 are more likely to lead 
to fame and fortune then others

but never can science be totally falsified 

 thin air level 
 of a ken arrow 
 the contradictions and conflicts 
abound 
     and  those 
that lie inside these  class  sanitized notions
                  create unexpected  motions 
                         toward reality 

ie ken A himself 


and
    are  in fact
          the tangible tread of  scientific progress 
    never fully faulters

and math indeed produces qualitative results 
not availible with words alone 

    just watch 


but as to jkg

like me
 he was a policy guy at heart any way 



a  wit among ferengi

not a ferengi among wits

---------------
related but different 
is this gas burp  of mine elsewhere 


 surfing around aimlessly

 pink found at 
 mark thoma  

 a  review by st pauli girl 

very on point about math and economics 


krug btw notices this:


" Economic ideas play a large role in shaping the world"
 
and quotes keynes 

 "Practical men, who believe themselves 
to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences," 
....are usually the slaves of some defunct economist." 

then non sequitors to this :
  
"So it's odd how few popular books 
have been written describing 
the social and personal matrix
 from which economic ideas actually emerge"

then hits his purpose :

"David Warsh has now made
 a major effort to fill that gap"

 "Knowledge and the Wealth of Nations" 


"is the story of an intellectual revolution
 largely invisible to the general public

 that swept through the economics profession
 between the late 1970's and the late 1980's


"Warsh tells the tale 
of a great contradiction 
that has lain at the heart of economic theory 
ever since 1776
 the year in which Adam Smith published
 "The Wealth of Nations."
 Warsh calls it the struggle
 between the Pin Factory and the Invisible Hand"

" On one side, 
Smith emphasized the huge increases 
in productivity that could be achieved
 through the division of labor 
as illustrated 
by his famous example of a pin factory 
whose employees,
 by specializing on narrow tasks, 
produce far more than they could 
if each worked independently"

" On the other side,
 he was the first to recognize 
how a market economy can harness self-interest
 to the common good, 
leading each individual
 as though "by an invisible hand 
to promote an end which was no part 
of his intention." 

" The parable of the pin factory 
says that there are increasing returns to scale 
— the bigger the pin factory, 
the more specialized its workers can be,
 and therefore the more pins
 the factory can produce per worker. 
But increasing returns 
create a natural tendency toward monopoly
, because a large business 
can achieve larger scale 
and hence lower costs than a small business.
 So in a world of increasing returns,
 bigger firms tend to drive smaller firms 
out of business,
 until each industry is dominated by just a few players" 

" for the invisible hand to work properly
, there must be many competitors in each industry,
 so that nobody is in a position 
to exert monopoly power.
 Therefore, the idea that free markets
 always get it right 
depends on the assumption 
that returns to scale are diminishing,
 not increasing " 

"For almost two centuries,
 economic thinking was dominated
 by the assumption of diminishing returns,
 with the Pin Factory pushed into the background"

". Why?"

"As Warsh explains, it wasn't about ideology;
 it was about following 
the line of least mathematical resistance"


" Economics has always ... sought 
the rigor and clarity 
that comes from using numbers and equations 
to represent their ideas."

" And the economics of diminishing returns 
lend themselves readily to elegant formalism
, while those of increasing returns 
— the Pin Factory — 
are notoriously hard to represent 
in the form of a mathematical model" 

Yet the fact of increasing returns 
was always a conspicuous part of reality,
 and became more so as the decades went by.
 Railroads, for example,
 were obviously characterized by increasing returns.
 And so economists tried, again and again,
 to bring the Pin Factory 
into the mainstream of economic thought.

 Yet again and again they failed,
 defeated by their inability
 to state their ideas with sufficient rigor
. Warsh quotes Kenneth Arrow,
 who received a Nobel in economic science 
for work that is firmly in the Invisible Hand tradition:
 increasing returns were an "underground river"
 in economic thought, always there,
 yet rarely seeing the light of day. 

The quite well that they were leaving out
 an important part of the story.
 It also tells the tale of economists,
 most notably Joseph Schumpeter,
 who decided that if increasing returns
 couldn't be modeled rigorously,
 so much the worse for rigor —
 and who found their literary,
 nonmathematical versions of economics
 simply ignored. ... "

 




" starting in the late 1970's,
 Economists had finally found ways 
to talk about the Pin Factory 
with the rigor needed to make it respectable."

" One after another,
 fields from industrial organization
 to international trade
 to economic development 
and urban economics were transformed". 


" Warsh's account misrepresents 
that work in subtle but important ways". 
 


He portrays a famous 1990 paper 
about increasing returns and growth 
by Paul Romer of Stanford University 
as a sort of pivot around 
which the whole way economists 
see the world changed.
Now "Romer 1990" is a terrific paper 
— I wish I had written it,
 which is the highest praise one economist
 can give to another.
 Yet I don't think it can bear
 the weight Warsh places on it."

" Nor is it clear 
that increasing returns 
really did transform our understanding 
of economic growth"

--------------------------------------------------
 Comments by pink


love ya mark

but what was interesting here???
besides the 
the Romer hip check ????

NOT I HOPE 
this golden calf ALIBI 

"it wasn't about ideology; 
it was about following 
the line of least mathematical resistance
Economics has always ... sought the rigor and clarity that comes from using numbers and equations to represent their ideas"

really ???? or just some economists ...ivy tower types 

CAPITALISM'S WHITE KNIGHTS 

" ... the economics of diminishing returns lend themselves readily to elegant formalism while those of increasing returns — the Pin Factory — are notoriously hard to represent in the form of a mathematical model"

not because
of 
the nice tame marketsystem it produces
the near failure free leave it be for optimality 
results 
the welfare theorems 
all the spontaneous fairness 
and each according to his just deserts bull 
that follows etc etc

not cause it went down so smoothly eh ??

not ideology ???

not usefully purblind
to crucial aspects of market reality
in a mechanizing industrial society 
notthere fore
to the benefit of industrial corporations 
wanting all eyes possible
firmly fixed on an illusion
of flat world effortlessly competitive exchange 

how touching 

---------------------
btw
i  feel it only fair to add
my harsh strike was based on local knowledge 

this warsh fellow
while a columnist at the boston globe
poured heeps of praise on krugman 
and for years

i suspect paul the K 
here is paying a little of that back...
but without really violating his sense of the truth 

i respect this review for that reason


btw his two examples in other sciences
are both horrible travesties 
one cause watson lied and in the process
tried to bury 
the reputation of a far superior scientist

and the other
because the author like this warshing machine 
is a shallow cheer leader 

hence i deeply suspect this book's merit 
based on years of reading
this chap's gush and gee gaws 






Posted by pinky at May 5, 2006 03:15 AM